There are two types of diabetes and pre-diabetes as topics of interest. Type one diabetes is characterized by the destruction of the insulin-secreting B-cells of the pancreas. It can be characterized as an auto-immune disease. Type two diabetes is caused by the malfunction of the B-cells of the pancreas and the pathological condition where the cells fails to respond to insulin concentrations appropriately known as insulin resistance. (more…)
Read MoreThis week’s discussion article is a second research paper based on the adaptations to exercise observed through signaling pathways. The hypothesis behind this research was that free radicals that are generated during exercise promote the observed exercise-induced adaptations. Although there was initial evidence to support this hypothesis, the research indicated that the hypothesis was only partially correct. (more…)
Read MoreMotor unit summation, or recruitment, controls the force of contraction regarding skeletal muscle tissue. Before the skeletal muscle is stimulated, there is a natural skeletal muscle tone that is present. This skeletal muscle tone keeps the muscles firm, stabilize joints, maintains posture, and readies the body to respond to stimuli. This contraction type can be likened to isometric contractions. Stimuli that will not produce an observable change in contraction strength beyond this tone is deemed sub-threshold stimuli. (more…)
Read MoreThe article “The genetics of sports injuries and athletic performance” was originally synthesized for the purpose of identifying genetic components related to the susceptibility of tendon injuries and enhanced athletic performance. Researchers used PubMed in their evidence collection by searching key terms such as “sports injuries”, “athletic performance”, and “genetics.” (more…)
Read MoreThis week’s discussion article is a second research paper based on the adaptations to exercise observed through signaling pathways. The hypothesis behind this research was that free radicals that are generated during exercise promote the observed exercise-induced adaptations. Although there was initial evidence to support this hypothesis, the research indicated that the hypothesis was only partially correct. (more…)
Read MoreHigh-intensity intermittent sprint intervals result in high physiological, metabolic, and neuromuscular demands. Often this type of exercise is accompanied by reversible declines in the force production of the muscles as they contract at or near maximal capacity. This fatigue can be defined as the reversible, exercise-induced reduction in maximal power output or speed. (more…)
Read MoreSkeletal muscle mass has been attributed to important functions such as an individual’s metabolic rate, functional movement, posture, power output, etc. The need for skeletal muscle is universal and the decline of skeletal muscle as individuals age is also universal. This week’s discussion article delves into the use of phosphatidic acid as an enhancer of mTOR signaling. mTOR is a protein kinase that’s considered a key regulator of skeletal muscle growth. (more…)
Read MoreFour specific training components are implemented within the training programs of endurance athletes. These include high-volume training, threshold training, high-intensity interval training, and polarized training. Polarized training can be viewed as a combination of each of the former three training styles. Training programs such as these rely heavily on the consistent participation by the athlete. In this study, 95% of the training sessions were attended. During the training sessions, the training load (intensity determined by HR zones, duration, and frequency) were matched. (more…)
Read MoreResistance training has been unparalleled as a mechanism to alter body composition configuration. Elevated post-exercise oxygen consumption has been linked to the longest elevated levels following intense resistance training. This form of exercise trumps high-intensity-interval training, endurance training, and other types of exercise stimuli in producing favorable body composition. (more…)
Read MoreHeat Acclimatization to Improve Athletic Performance in Warm-Hot Weather
This week’s article covers homeostasis and the constancy of the internal environment. Several natural phenomena can override even the most stable dynamic system. One of those phenomena is heat, particularly warm-hot weather. Homeostatic mechanisms are built in as control systems, allowing negative and positive feedback signals to either reduce the intensity of an affect and completely eliminate it, or to enhance an affect. (more…)
Read MoreWearable devices that measure physiological processes, whether heart rate monitors, accelerometers, or a brand of newcomers which measure temperature and metabolites, are the newest addition to the fitness revolution that’s become quite formidable. (more…)
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